The last decade has witnessed an exponential increase in access to whole genome sequencing technologies that have now migrated from a research-only tool to a public health work-horse and increasingly used for guiding delivery of medical care. I will discuss applications and frontiers in pathogen genome sequencing and other ‘omics’ as tools to improve surveillance and treatment of tuberculosis across the facets of care from disease detection to antibiotic resistance diagnosis to treatment monitoring. I will specifically discuss how the use of pathogen sequencing can integrate within and circumvent resource challenges in LMICs.